Create cluster

A cluster is a group of nodes provisioned using virtual machines.
The steps to create a cluster in the Hadoop Eco service are as follows:

info

Cluster creation takes approximately 20–25 minutes.

Step 1. Configure cluster

Set basic information for creating a Hadoop cluster.

Go to the KakaoCloud console > Analytics > Hadoop Eco.
Click the [Create cluster] button located at the top right of the Cluster menu.

In Step 1: Configure cluster, enter the required information and click the [Next] button.

Item	Category	Description
Cluster name		Example: my-cluster-01 - Duplicate cluster names cannot be used within the same project - VMs are created based on the cluster name - Master node: `HadoopMST-{cluster name}-{number}` format - Worker node: `HadoopWRK-{cluster name}-{number}` format
Cluster configuration	Cluster version	Select the cluster version
	Cluster type	- Select the cluster type based on the version - For details, refer to Cluster version and type
	Cluster availability	Provides standard and high-availability types for operational stability - Standard (Single, 1 master node instance): Runs one resource manager and one name node ㄴ Suitable for small workloads with a single master node - High Availability (HA, 3 master node instances): Runs resource manager and name node in HA mode ㄴ Ensures uninterrupted operations even during reboot or failure
Admin settings	Admin ID	Enter the admin ID
	Admin password	Enter the admin password - For password reset instructions, refer to Reset Hue password - When Ranger is applied, follow specific password creation rules. For details, refer to Ranger
	Confirm password	Re-enter the admin password
VPC setup		Select VPC and Subnet - Click the [Refresh] icon to retrieve network information - Click Management page to navigate to VPC > Network - Public IPs accessible from outside can be assigned after creating the instance via the [Public IP connection] menu
Security group		Create new security group: Enter a security group name to create a new one - Automatically configures inbound/outbound rules for Hadoop Eco Select existing security group: Verify inbound/outbound rules - Click the [Refresh] icon to update network information - For details, refer to Security group

Configure security group

To install a cluster in the Hadoop Eco service, the ports used by components must be configured in the security group. Certain ports must be open for component configuration. You can preview the policies applied to the instances in the applied policy list.

When a security group is automatically created, the default security group name is generated based on the creation date, cluster version, and type.
Example security group name: {cluster_name}-HDE-{version}-{type}
Only one security group can be set when creating an instance. Additional security group configurations can be made after creation.

Inbound policy
Outbound policy

When creating a cluster, the security group is automatically generated. The port information configured in the automatically generated security group is as follows:

Protocol	Source	Port number	Policy description
ALL	VPC subnet CIDR	ALL	hadoop eco internal

Cluster version and type

Cluster version	Cluster type	Option
Hadoop Eco 1.0.1 (Trino, Dataflow not supported)	Core Hadoop	Core Hadoop (Hadoop 2.10.1 HDFS, YARN, Spark 2.4.6) - Installs Apache Spark and Hive analytics engines integrated with Hadoop
	HBase	HBase (Hadoop 2.10.1, HBase 1.4.13) - Installs Apache HBase, a distributed database based on Hadoop
Hadoop Eco 1.1.2	Core Hadoop	Core Hadoop (Hadoop 2.10.2 HDFS, YARN, Spark 2.4.8)
	HBase	HBase (Hadoop 2.10.2, HDFS, YARN, HBase 1.7.1)
	Trino	Trino (Hadoop 2.10.2, HDFS, YARN, Trino 377)
	Dataflow	Dataflow (Hadoop 2.10.2, HDFS, YARN, Kafka 3.4.0, Druid 25.0.0, Superset 2.1.1)
Hadoop Eco 2.0.1	Core Hadoop	Core Hadoop (Hadoop 3.3.4 HDFS, YARN, Spark 3.2.2)
	HBase	HBase (Hadoop 3.3.4 HDFS, YARN, HBase 2.4.13)
	Trino	Trino (Hadoop 3.3.4, HDFS, YARN, Trino 393)
	Dataflow	Dataflow (Hadoop 3.3.4, HDFS, YARN, Kafka 3.4.0, Druid 25.0.0, Superset 2.1.1)
Hadoop Eco 2.1.0	Core Hadoop	Core Hadoop (Hadoop 3.3.6 HDFS, YARN, Spark 3.5.2)
	HBase	HBase (Hadoop 3.3.6 HDFS, YARN, HBase 2.6.0)
	Trino	Trino (Hadoop 3.3.6, HDFS, YARN, Trino 393)
	Dataflow	Dataflow (Hadoop 3.3.6, HDFS, YARN, Kafka 3.8.0, Druid 25.0.0, Superset 2.1.1)

info

Hadoop Eco versions 1.0.0, 1.1.0, 1.1.1, and 2.0.0 are not supported.

Step 2. Configure instance

Configure master and worker instances, storage, and network.

Enter the required information in Step 2: Configure instance and click the [Next] button.

After cluster creation, instance and disk volume settings cannot be changed.
Adding master/worker instances and disk volumes will be supported in the future.

Item	Category	Description
Master node settings	Master node instance count	Fixed based on cluster availability type - Standard (Single) type: 1 instance - HA type: 3 instances
	Master node instance type	Select from supported instance types - Hardware configuration depends on the selected instance type
	Disk volume type/size	- Volume type: Currently, only SSD type is supported (other types will be supported later) - Volume size: 50–5,120GB
Worker node settings	Worker node instance count	Choose the number of worker nodes based on purpose; total count depends on project quota
	Worker node instance type	Select from supported instance types - Hardware configuration depends on the selected instance type
	Disk volume type/size	- Volume type: Currently, only SSD type is supported (other types will be supported later) - Volume size: 50–5,120GB
Total YARN usage	YARN Core	Calculated as 'Number of worker nodes × vCPUs per node'
	YARN Memory	Calculated as 'Number of worker nodes × Memory per node × YARN allocation ratio (0.8)'
Key pair		Select a key pair to apply to instances - Choose from existing or newly created key pairs in KakaoCloud - For new key pair creation, refer to Create new key pair - Click the [Refresh] icon to update key pair information * Click Management page to navigate to Virtual Machine > 키 페어
User script (optional)		A script that automatically configures the initial environment by running user data during instance startup

Create new key pair

Follow these steps to create a key pair in Create cluster:

Select Create new key pair and enter a key pair name.
Click the [Create and download key pair] button.
A private key file with the .pem extension will be downloaded using the entered key pair name.

info

Keep the downloaded private key file secure.

Step 3. Detailed settings (optional)

1. Configure service integration (optional)

Apply settings for cluster service integration. You can configure integration with the Data Catalog service provided by KakaoCloud.

info

If service integration is not configured, Standard (Single) type will install MySQL on Master Node 1, and HA type will install MySQL on all three master nodes for use as a metastore.

In Service integration settings, select whether to install the Monitoring agent and configure the integration settings.

Item	Description
Monitoring agent	Choose whether to Install monitoring agent
Service integration	Choose between No integration, Data Catalog integration, or External Hive metastore integration

Install monitoring agent

When the monitoring agent is installed, you can view additional monitoring data under Hadoop Eco > Cluster details > Monitoring tab.

CPU usage (%) per node
Memory usage (%) per node

Data Catalog integration

Prepare a pre-created Data Catalog for integration. For detailed instructions on creating a catalog, refer to Create catalog.
In Service integration, select Integrate with Data Catalog.
- Verify the Hadoop network/Subnet information and select the desired catalog.

External Hive metastore integration

Create a MySQL instance for external Hive metastore integration. For detailed instructions on creating MySQL, refer to Create MySQL instance group.
In Service integration settings (optional), select External Hive metastore integration.
1. In the service integration section, select the Instance where MySQL is installed.
2. After selecting the instance, enter the Database name, MySQL ID, and Password for the MySQL database.

2. Configure cluster details (optional)

You can apply HDFS block size, replication settings, and cluster configuration settings.
HDFS configuration values take precedence over cluster configuration settings.

Item	Description
HDFS settings	HDFS block size - Set the `dfs.blocksize` value in hdfs-site.xml - Create volumes with a size of 1–1,024MB (Default: 128MB) HDFS replication count - Set the `dfs.blockreplication` value in hdfs-site.xml - Set replication count between 1 and 500 - The replication count must not exceed the number of worker node instances
Cluster configuration settings (Optional)	Enter the settings of the components that make up the cluster - Upload a JSON file or input the settings directly - For Object Storage integration settings, refer to Integrating with Object Storage
Log storage settings	Choose whether to enable the log storage settings

Configure cluster - Component settings

Cluster configuration settings

Cluster configuration settings are provided in key-value pair JSON format. The configurations field is a list, with classification specifying the file name and properties containing the configuration name.
The default input method is as follows:

JSON file configuration
-- Input method
{
    "configurations":
    [
        {
            "classification": "Configuration file name",
            "properties": {
                "Setting name": "Setting value"
            }
        }
    ]
}
 
-- Example
{
    "configurations":
    [
        {
            "classification": "core-site",
            "properties": {
                "dfs.blocksize": "67108864"
            }
        }
    ]
}

Settings can be categorized into env, xml, and properties formats based on the configuration file name.

Format	Description
`env`	The value of the entered key is converted into the configuration file. The key remains unchanged, and only the predefined value for the key is updated.
`xml`	The entered key-value pairs are converted into XML elements, where the key is represented as `<name>` and the value as `<value>`.
`properties`	The entered key-value pairs are converted into a predefined format based on the key name.
`user-env`	Adds user environment variables, creating them with `<username>`.

User settings are applied to the appropriate configuration file location based on the specified classification.

env

Classification	Location	Configuration	Sample value
hadoop-env	/etc/hadoop/conf	hadoop_env_hadoop_heapsize	2048
		hadoop_env_hadoop_namenode_heapsize	"-Xmx2048m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_jobtracker_heapsize	"-Xmx1024m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_tasktracker_heapsize	"-Xmx1024m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_shared_hadoop_namenode_heapsize	"-Xmx1024m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_datanode_heapsize	"-Xmx1024m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_zkfc_opts	"-Xmx1024m"
		hadoop_env_hadoop_log_level	INFO, DRFA, console
		hadoop_env_hadoop_security_log_level	INFO, DRFAS
		hadoop_env_hadoop_audit_log_level	INFO, RFAAUDIT
mapred-env	/etc/hadoop/conf	mapred_env_hadoop_job_historyserver_heapsize	2000
hive-env	/etc/hive/conf	hive_env_hive_metastore_heapsize	2048
		hive_env_hiveserver2_heapsize	2048
		hive_env_hadoop_client_opts	"-Xmx2048m"
hbase-env	/etc/hbase/conf	hbase_env_hbase_master_heapsize	"-Xmx2048m"
hbase-env	/etc/hbase/conf	hbase_env_hbase_regionserver_heapsize	"-Xmx2048m"
spark-defaults	/etc/spark/conf	spark_defaults_spark_driver_memory	2g
trino-config	/etc/trino/conf	trino_jvm_config_heap	-Xmx10G

xml

classification	Location	Reference location	Remark
core-site	/etc/hadoop/conf	core-default.xml
hdfs-site	/etc/hadoop/conf	hdfs-default.xml
httpfs-site	/etc/hadoop/conf	ServerSetup.html
mapred-site	/etc/hadoop/conf	mapred-default.xml
yarn-site	/etc/hadoop/conf	yarn-default.xml
capacity-scheduler	/etc/hadoop/conf	CapacityScheduler.html	yarn 스케줄러 설정
tez-site	/etc/tez/conf	TezConfiguration.html
hive-site	/etc/hive/conf	Hive configuration properties
hiveserver2-site	/etc/hive/conf	Setting up hiveserver2	Only for hiveserver2

properties

classification	Location	Description
spark-defaults	/etc/spark/conf	Spark configuration values are converted into key[tab]value format during input.

user-env

classification	Location	Description
user-env:profile	/etc/profile	Add global environment variables
user-env:[username]	~/.bashrc	Add environment variables to the user's bashrc

xml format

xml format
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.job.client.port-range</name>
        <value>41000-43000</value>
    </property>
 
</configuration>

env format

env format
...
export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE="3001"
...

properties format

spark.driver.memory              4000M
spark.network.timeout            800

user-env format

user-env format
{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "classification": "user-env:profile",
      "properties": {
        "env": "FOO=profile\nVAR=profile\nexport U=profile"
      }
    },
    {
      "classification": "user-env:ubuntu",
      "properties": {
        "env": "FOO=foo\nVAR=var\nexport U=N"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Sample examples

Sample examples
{
    "configurations":
    [
        {
            "classification": "mapred-site",  -- xml format
            "properties":
            {
                "yarn.app.mapreduce.am.job.client.port-range": "41000-43000"
            }
        },
        {
            "classification": "hadoop-env",  -- env format
            "properties":
            {
                "hadoop_env_hadoop_heapsize": 3001,
                "hadoop_env_hadoop_namenode_heapsize": "-Xmx3002m",
            }
        },
        {
            "classification": "spark-defaults",  -- properties format
            "properties":
            {
                "spark.driver.memory": "4000M",
                "spark.network.timeout": "800s"
            }
        },
        {
            "classification": "user-env:profile", -- user-env format
            "properties": 
            {
                "env": "FOO=profile\nVAR=profile\nexport U=profile"
            }
        },
        {
            "classification": "user-env:ubuntu",
             "properties": 
            {
                "env": "FOO=foo\nVAR=var\nexport U=N"
            }
        }
    ]
}

Configure log storage

When using log storage settings, you need to configure the log storage path.

Set the log storage setting to Enabled.
Select the Object Storage bucket to be used for log storage.
After confirming the path, enter a new path if you want to use a new one.

caution

Deleting stored logs may cause the Spark History Server to not function properly.

3. Configure job scheduling (optional)

If Core Hadoop was selected as the Cluster type in Step 1: Configure cluster, you can proceed with job scheduling settings.

During job scheduling configuration, select one of the following job types: Hive job, Spark job, or No configuration.
If Hive job or Spark job is selected, you can configure job scheduling. If No configuration is selected, job scheduling will not be set.

When configuring job scheduling, click the [Refresh] icon to fetch Object Storage bucket information.
Click Management page to navigate to the Object Storage service.

Configure Hive job scheduling

Configure scheduling for Hive jobs.

info

When selecting a bucket in Hive options, Storage object manager and Storage object creator can upload objects but cannot view objects in the bucket through the console. However, they can access objects using the Object Storage API.

In Step 3: Configure job scheduling, select Hive job as the Job type.

Enter the scheduling information for the Hive job.

Category	Description
Job type	Hive job: Execute Hive tasks after cluster creation.
Execution file	Execution file type - File: Select an Object Storage bucket and register the execution file (only `.hql` files are supported). - Text: Write Hive queries directly for execution.
Hive options	Enter option values to be passed to the job (Hive options for reference). - File: Select an Object Storage bucket and register a Hive option file. - Text: Write Hive option values directly.
Job termination action	Select the action upon job termination. - Wait on failure: Only terminate the cluster if the job succeeds. - Always wait: Do not terminate the cluster regardless of success or failure. - Always terminate: Terminate the cluster on both success and failure.
Save scheduling log file	Choose whether to save scheduling log files. - Do not save: Do not save scheduling logs. - Save to Object Storage: Save scheduling log files to the desired bucket. * Logs are stored in the selected bucket_name/log/ path in `yyyy-mm-dd.log` format.

Hive options

Hive options refer to Hive configuration properties used during Hive job execution.
They can be written as follows. For detailed information about Hive configuration properties, refer to the official documentation.

--hiveconf hive.tez.container.size=2048 --hiveconf hive.tez.java.opts=-Xmx1600m

Configure Spark job scheduling

Configure scheduling for Spark jobs.

In Step 3: Configure job scheduling, select Spark job as the Job type.

Enter the scheduling information for the Spark job.

Category	Description
Job type	Spark job: Execute Spark tasks after cluster creation.
Execution file	Select an Object Storage bucket and register the execution file. - Only files with the `.jar` extension can be registered.
Spark options (optional)	Write options to pass to the job. - Refer to Spark options.
Arguments (optional)	Write arguments to pass to the `.jar` file being executed. - File: Select an Object Storage bucket and register the argument file. - Text: Write arguments directly.
Deployment mode	Select the mode to run Spark. - Choose between client or cluster.
Job termination action	Select the action upon job termination. - Wait on failure: Only terminate the cluster if the job succeeds. - Always wait: Do not terminate the cluster regardless of success or failure. - Always terminate: Terminate the cluster on both success and failure.
Save scheduling log file	Choose whether to save scheduling log files. - Do not save: Do not save scheduling logs. - Save to Object Storage: Save scheduling log files to the desired bucket. * Logs are stored in the selected bucket_name/log/ path in `yyyy-mm-dd.log` format.

Spark options

Spark options refer to configuration values passed when executing Spark job files using spark-submit.
They can be written as shown below, and for more details on configuration values, refer to the official documentation.

info

However, an error may occur if the --deploy-mode syntax is included. Since deploy-mode can be selected from the interface, please use the available interface functionality.

--class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master yarn

4. Configure security details (optional)

Apply cluster security features through Kerberos and Ranger settings.

Item	Description
Kerberos	If installation is required, select Install, then enter the following details. Kerberos realm name - Only uppercase English letters, numbers, and periods (.) are allowed (1–50 characters). KDC (Key Distribution Center) password - Automatically set to the administrator password configured in the Configure cluster step.
Ranger	If installation is required, select Install. Ranger password - Automatically set to the administrator password configured in the Configure cluster step.

Step 1. Configure cluster​

Configure security group​

Cluster version and type​

Step 2. Configure instance​

Create new key pair​

Step 3. Detailed settings (optional)​

1. Configure service integration (optional)​

Install monitoring agent​

Data Catalog integration​

External Hive metastore integration​

2. Configure cluster details (optional)​

Configure cluster - Component settings​

env​

xml​

properties​

user-env​

xml format​

env format​

properties format​

user-env format​

Sample examples​

Configure log storage​

3. Configure job scheduling (optional)​

Configure Hive job scheduling​

Hive options​

Configure Spark job scheduling​

Spark options​

4. Configure security details (optional)​

Step 1. Configure cluster

Configure security group

Cluster version and type

Step 2. Configure instance

Create new key pair

Step 3. Detailed settings (optional)

1. Configure service integration (optional)

Install monitoring agent

Data Catalog integration

External Hive metastore integration

2. Configure cluster details (optional)

Configure cluster - Component settings

env

xml

properties

user-env

xml format

env format

properties format

user-env format

Sample examples

Configure log storage

3. Configure job scheduling (optional)

Configure Hive job scheduling

Hive options

Configure Spark job scheduling

Spark options

4. Configure security details (optional)